"Check Brake Pads" warning light question
WRT damage ... if you burn off the pad material and hit the metal backing pad, you'll still be able to stop just fine (I know this because I once wasn't checking the pads after each track-day session and went completely through the front pads on my C63 S). If you do brake with metal-to-metal, it'll make an apocalyptic grinding noise and you'll score the rotors, but if you're replacing your rotors anyway, that wouldn't be an issue.
BTW, under street-driving conditions, rotors are normally good for at least 2 sets of pads ... often 3 sets. Most (if not all) AMG iron rotors have wear divots that indicate when the rotor is worn down to its replacement thinness. Unless the rotors are showing cracks and/or are scored, you may be able to save the new rotors for the next pad replacement.
Note that the bolts that attach the calipers to the suspension are normally specified as 1-time use. If the sensor was hit, you'll also normally need to replace it with the new pads. You'll also need to move the rear calipers into the maintenance position prior to undoing any bolts. If you search, I think you'll find some good postings and videos on brake maintenance.






