So my car, (w212 E63 pre face-lift) has been having some issues lately. It threw some CEL codes at me the other day and was iding really rough, like misfiring, engine shaking (because of the misfiring), slight knocking, and it was just overall rough. We could smell oil and I've always kept up on maintenence on it, so we plugged in the obd2 scanner to see what it was and it threw:
P0301 (cylinder 1 misfire)
P0302 (cylinder 2 misfire)
P0303 (cylinder 3 misfire)
P0304 (cylinder 4 misfire)
P0017 (cam/crankshaft position correlation sensor B- Bank 1)
P0300 ( random/multiple misfire detected)
P0040 (O2 bank 1 sensor 1 signals swapped with O2 bank 2 sensor 1)
and P054B (vehicle speed idle speed control auxillary inputs and a few other but when we did a code clear these are the ones that stayed the others we have saved but not sure what they were (my dad had them all as pictures on his phone) and so my dad took it up the road and back, got it warmed up to temp and the car started running and idling fine, and it has been running awesome the past few days but the CEL is still lit up. But when we were inspecting it yesterday we found the rear very most bottom valve cover bolts on each side were hand loose but they were the only two bolts that were loose. We obviously tightened them and went over them all to make sure they weren't loose and we also did the spark plugs while we were at it because I had ordered them days prior to the issue happening. But now I have the popular "sound" from the camshaft adjusters on the driver side intake area. But I've read on some of these forums that carbon buildup can happen in the adjusters and people have fixed the sound with a seafoam treatment and others have replaced their cam adjusters and the sound is still prevalent after or just a few thousand miles after replacement, and I've also heard that sound is normal with m156's and they're all around a very noisy engine that make all sorts of sounds. But I want to solve this issue. And solve my CEL issue we think the cam actuators could be the culprit because they can cause all the same CEL codes that my car has to kick on when they go bad but we are still not for sure on that. We just need answers... I wanna fix the issues but I don't want to spend a ahit ton of money on the cam adjusters when I potentially don't need to if the things we have heard/read are true. Below are pictures of the codes, the adjusters "sound" it is only present for a few seconds during the start. Then it goes away and it's only present when the car is cold, on cold starts.

 

P0017 (cam/crankshaft position correlation sensor B- Bank 1)

This seems to be the root cause of all your issues considering it controls cylinders 1-4. wondering you if skipped timming? Has the guides and chain be replaced?

 

That makes sense, the guides and chain have not yet been changed but that can change lol I'm currently not driving the car waiting until I have some time to take a look at it.

 

I recently had the same symptoms on my 2011. I also threw the same codes, albeit without the o2 and idle codes. P0017 bank 1 sensor B indicates a bad exhaust cam sensor on the drivers side. This would cause misfires on cylinders 1 through 4. I replaced the cam sensor, cleared the codes, and all is well. MB part is less than $50. That’s a cheap place to start.

Consensus is that many or most m156 have the chatter at start up. Possibly Concerning that yours seemed to start doing it same time as a failed sensor. Why not pull the valve cover just to see what you see?

EDIT: I think I'm wrong on the cyl numbers and 1-4 is passenger side? Regardless, Bank 1 is the side with cyls 1-4 and sensor B is exhaust.