Hey, i would like to know how it works...

Ive done a little bit of research and this is what i got: The exhaust is the tip and the muffler is the big part right before that (under the car) that makes the sound.(I'm i correct?)

Now my real questions are:
Can you put any muffler/exhaust from one car to another example C63 system on a w212-not AMG?

Can i just buy the Muffler part (the thing that makes the sound) and attach it to my system and buy tips somewhere els?

The goal is this: There a W212 E300 and want to put the quad tips and make it sound like an AMG (but aftermarket is optional, but don't want it to sound to bad loud that why i haven't bought a random one yet. It doesn't have to be exactly like original AMG but the way it sound like smooth when revving and when you take off it stays the same, not like this one (video posted below)

Other: The car already has two exhaust on each side, if possible give me a economical(cheaper) option and the best option also and sorry for my bad grammar.

(if something isn't understandable please say, ill try my best to repeat it in a better way)

Please and thank you!

(bonus question: (doesn't have to be to detailed) Any option for tuning this model type car(to make it go faster)?

 

Well generally "exhaust system" is a generic term describing everything from the manifold back, the manifold itself usually excluded and described separately as the "exhaust manifold" which includes cast manifolds or fabricated extractors.

There are a lot of bulbous items in the exhaust system, including precats, catalytic converters (main), exhaust gas recycling valve/piping, sensors, resonators and mufflers, then the tips.

To some extent the noise is influenced by the exhaust tip from the rearmost muffler back. Resonators are sometimes called mufflers, being they're a "straight through" type of muffler and traditional mufflers have inner baffling. Mufflers help muffle the noise, the engine makes the noise. Think of a light aircraft or racecar engine, they have no mufflers and are what your car would sound like without them.

Simply put "straight through" mufflers or resonators take out some of the sharp snarl and metallic edge to the raw exhaust note, they help deepen the pitch and make it less harsh on the ears. "Baffled" or traditional mufflers actually reduce the noise volume by interference, the inner baffles get the sound bouncing around inside the muffler before releasing it to the tips and this overall reduces the volume, although there is a compromise between interfering with the flow of exhaust gases, which can affect cylinder excavation and power/efficiency, and reducing noise levels. Generally speaking it is more important to reduce noise to roadworthy levels so that's why racers do away with mufflers on the track.
That said, some degree of interference in the exhaust system, or backpressure can actually flatten a torque curve and provide better low engine speed characteristics. Benefits of a louder exhaust are mostly up the top end of the driving range and limited, where you don't spend a lot of time doing on the roads normally.

Ideally an exhaust system is tuned for gas speeds and temperatures through the system stages, a vacuum effect can be created if this is done well which is why aftermarket, professionally fabricated manifolding and exhaust systems are referred to as "extractors"

Most aftermarket exhaust mods are still an interference type of system however, even if a tubular manifold is being fabricated due to the torque and low engine speed benefits in this type of system.

Mercedes does spend a lot of money on engineering and development for each new model/layout, so generally it is often best sticking to the factory fitments with this particular make where this isn't so true for a lot of other car manufacturers. Unless you're going to take the vehicle to experienced, professional tuners who know this model/make well, you're likely to lose some of the good points built into your Mercedes for no significant performance gains and possible headaches and troubles, at quite a cost.

Each exhaust system is fairly specific to the type of engine fitted, and the perceived role of the car and its driving range, including specific engine setup, to get best results.
Swapping out exhaust parts from one engine type to another isn't a good practise and may actually reduce performance/efficiency.

With all this in mind, the standard shopping trolley Mercedes is setup to be comfortable and quiet, whilst delivering the best performance maintaining quietness and comfort.

If you intend to drive the car with more performance emphasis than comfort, preferring an AMG style setup on your Mercedes than the Executive/Housewife setup, there are some gains to be achieved with a well crafted custom setup but you should get one of these from a reputable workshop, experienced with mods and familiar with your model and engine, giving them a full rundown of what you want from the car, what you're willing to pay for this, and any customisation of setup you have (such as performance camshaft or any other changes).