C32 AMG, C55 AMG (W203) 2001 - 2007

carbon fiber Driveshaft

Thread Tools
 
Search this Thread
 
Rate Thread
 
Old Jun 11, 2008 | 12:20 AM
  #26  
hooleyboy's Avatar
Thread Starter
Former Vendor of MBWorld
 
Joined: Jan 2007
Posts: 3,193
Likes: 3
From: Glendale Arizona
C55,SL55,C63
Originally Posted by Dr. C36
the results from lightweight flywheels and lightweight crank pulley is typically more than ltw driveshaft b/c radius plays a much greater impact than weight b/c Inertia = mass x radius^2, so its the radius that is more crucial than weight itself. With that said it still plays a factor, Carbon driveshafts can handle tons of power and supposedly they greatly reduce the amount of vibrations/harmonics felt through the chassis that most people don't even realize are b/c of the driveshaft. In addition its much safer than aluminum driveshafts (which can be downright dangerous b/c they are more prone to snapping and turning into a polevault). CF shafts simply turn back to fiber when they snap and do not hurt anything. That said... its pricey.. and not many people do it. But if you have the cash and you like to tune for efficiency as well as power, its a great way to go.

The more I read online about them the more i want one
Reply
Old Jun 11, 2008 | 12:26 AM
  #27  
sick430's Avatar
MBWorld Fanatic!
 
Joined: Sep 2006
Posts: 1,946
Likes: 21
From: So Cal
CLK Cabrio
hey call me tomorrow about the shaft. ill see what i can do.
818-535-7005
Reply
Old Jun 11, 2008 | 02:12 AM
  #28  
Dr. C36's Avatar
Banned
 
Joined: Jan 2008
Posts: 426
Likes: 1
1996 C36 AMG
Originally Posted by hooleyboy
The more I read online about them the more i want one
Again its one of those efficiency mods that gives you a real sensation of performance that is very difficult to describe, and may not necessarily show all its strengths on a dyno sheet, but in real life gives tremendous performance. If you have the cash... get it.

Plus in this day in age with every increasing gas mileage, any mod that improved gas mileage efficiency will pay itself off quickly thereby essentially making the modification free simply by paying for itself in fuel savings.
Reply
Old Jun 11, 2008 | 02:45 AM
  #29  
hooleyboy's Avatar
Thread Starter
Former Vendor of MBWorld
 
Joined: Jan 2007
Posts: 3,193
Likes: 3
From: Glendale Arizona
C55,SL55,C63
Originally Posted by Dr. C36
Again its one of those efficiency mods that gives you a real sensation of performance that is very difficult to describe, and may not necessarily show all its strengths on a dyno sheet, but in real life gives tremendous performance. If you have the cash... get it.

Plus in this day in age with every increasing gas mileage, any mod that improved gas mileage efficiency will pay itself off quickly thereby essentially making the modification free simply by paying for itself in fuel savings.
some good points. at this stage in the game i'm running out of options this side of a S/C that can offer any gains. but like you said a dyno may not show what a mod like this does. but i bet 0-60, 1/4 times along with high speed stability and fuel savings is were a mod like this pays off.

A mod like this is available but its not something you can just buy off a website. Other cars you can but not for our benz's I see this as a mod that you will have to do own your own on a custom shop level. I would also bet if a company had a C/F drive-shaft for say an E55 those guys would be all over it. It just seems like a good way to cut weight, gain power, and not risk your motors health. then to take it a step further you could have carbon fiber axles made up that would maybe yield benefits too.
Reply
Old Jun 11, 2008 | 06:59 AM
  #30  
mkonei's Avatar
Super Member
 
Joined: Mar 2008
Posts: 695
Likes: 0
From: Delran, NJ
05 C55
the c55 shaft looks downright puny to be honest. its basically a straight tube with four feet that bolt down at the ouput shaft and pinion. it definitely is not your typical half round/full round with a slip yoke. im not sure if you would even be able to source that kind of end. they might have to cut off the ends from the factory shaft, and epoxy them into your tube. ever consider moly tubing? might be a lot easier. most of the driveshafts that people replace are big/heavy clunkers, like in a mustang/camaro. the c55 shaft is probably 20% the size of one of them. i think its an interesting concept, but i m not sure you would gain much on the performance end. they do an excellent job with dampening driveline harmonics, but i personally have no problem with them. guess someone is just gonna have to try it to see. easiest way would be to find a c55 shaft from a salvage yard and send it to the driveline shop. that way if they have to cut it apart, and it doesnt work, you still have your ride
Reply
Old Jun 11, 2008 | 08:15 AM
  #31  
C43AMG's Avatar
MBWorld Fanatic!
Veteran: Army
20 Year Member
Liked
Loved
 
Joined: Feb 2005
Posts: 5,761
Likes: 4
From: North Carolina
98 Black C43 , 12’ ML 350 Blutec
Originally Posted by xlr8tin
Carbon fiber for a driveshaft is bad! A Carbon Fiber driveshaft may be ok for normal use on a small car like mine, but not on a high performance Benz.
All Mercedes DTM cars have carbon fiber driveshafts.
Reply
Old Jun 11, 2008 | 10:38 AM
  #32  
c32used's Avatar
MBWorld Fanatic!
15 Year Member
Photogenic
Photoriffic
Liked
 
Joined: Feb 2006
Posts: 6,213
Likes: 8
LET C32 2002
Reply
Old Jun 11, 2008 | 12:46 PM
  #33  
Dr. C36's Avatar
Banned
 
Joined: Jan 2008
Posts: 426
Likes: 1
1996 C36 AMG
Custom CF driveshafts are actually fairly common place so you might be able to get a CF driveshaft manufacturer to make one for you, It usually isn't that much more expensive to go custom. Its much better though to do a batch of 10 or more to keep costs down and eventually make it a normal product for the C55 boys. Just a thought.

(don't look at me, I'm not doing a CF driveshaft haha).
Reply
MB World Stories

The Best of Mercedes & AMG

story-0

Six Gift Ideas Your AMG Loving Dad or Grad Will Cherish

 
story-1

7 Craziest Things AMG Gas Ever Built

 Verdad Gallardo
story-2

New Electric Mercedes-AMG GT 4-Door Coupe Unveiled: 10 Things You Need to Know

 Verdad Gallardo
story-3

6 Mercedes Models That Did NOT Age Well (But Are Somehow Still Cool)

 Verdad Gallardo
story-4

Manual Mercedes? 6 Times Sindelfingen Let Drivers Have All The Fun

 Verdad Gallardo
story-5

Mercedes SLR McLaren 722 S Is Extremely Rare Example Modified by McLaren

 Verdad Gallardo
story-6

8 Classic Boxy Mercedes Designs That Have Aged Like Fine Wine

 Verdad Gallardo
story-7

Flawlessly Restored Mercedes 190E Evo II Heads to Auction

 Verdad Gallardo
story-8

Electric Mercedes C-Class Unveiled: 11 Things You Need to Know

 Verdad Gallardo
story-9

Mercedes EQS Gets A Major Update: Everything You Need to Know

 Verdad Gallardo
Old Jun 11, 2008 | 01:08 PM
  #34  
sick430's Avatar
MBWorld Fanatic!
 
Joined: Sep 2006
Posts: 1,946
Likes: 21
From: So Cal
CLK Cabrio
we need to get the E55/63 boys in on this and see if they want in. i believe the only difference between them would be length.
Reply
Old Jun 11, 2008 | 07:19 PM
  #35  
DarkXerox's Avatar
Super Member
 
Joined: May 2007
Posts: 636
Likes: 0
From: Oakland, California
07 E550, 02 C32, 91 300E
Originally Posted by Dr. C36
Plus in this day in age with every increasing gas mileage, any mod that improved gas mileage efficiency will pay itself off quickly thereby essentially making the modification free simply by paying for itself in fuel savings.
Eh it will take a long time to break even on the capital cost considering fuel efficiency will likely not be too much better. I dont ever look at mods as saving money in gas cause they make you go faster.
Reply
Old Jun 11, 2008 | 07:22 PM
  #36  
hooleyboy's Avatar
Thread Starter
Former Vendor of MBWorld
 
Joined: Jan 2007
Posts: 3,193
Likes: 3
From: Glendale Arizona
C55,SL55,C63
Originally Posted by DarkXerox
Eh it will take a long time to break even on the capital cost considering fuel efficiency will likely not be too much better. I dont ever look at mods as saving money in gas cause they make you go faster.

This is very true.. but its a good way to help talk yourself into it.
Reply
Old Jun 12, 2008 | 03:40 AM
  #37  
DarkXerox's Avatar
Super Member
 
Joined: May 2007
Posts: 636
Likes: 0
From: Oakland, California
07 E550, 02 C32, 91 300E
Originally Posted by hooleyboy
This is very true.. but its a good way to help talk yourself into it.
just gotta have the Ricky Bobby attitude towards our cars "I wanna go fast!"

Gas mileage is for prius jockeys that smell their own farts (south park reference for those in the 30+ demographic) lol
Reply
Old Jun 12, 2008 | 11:55 AM
  #38  
Dr. C36's Avatar
Banned
 
Joined: Jan 2008
Posts: 426
Likes: 1
1996 C36 AMG
Originally Posted by DarkXerox
Eh it will take a long time to break even on the capital cost considering fuel efficiency will likely not be too much better. I dont ever look at mods as saving money in gas cause they make you go faster.
not true, A little gain of only 2mpg will save you over $600 over two years using avg mileage (10k miles/year) and gas prices of 3.50 (which are long gone). It adds up very quickly, especially at these prices.
Reply
Old Jun 12, 2008 | 03:51 PM
  #39  
c32AMG-DTM's Avatar
MBWorld Fanatic!
 
Joined: Jun 2007
Posts: 2,949
Likes: 0
From: Philadelphia, PA
2008 A8L, 2002 996TT X50, 2009 X5
Originally Posted by Dr. C36
not true, A little gain of only 2mpg will save you over $600 over two years using avg mileage (10k miles/year) and gas prices of 3.50 (which are long gone). It adds up very quickly, especially at these prices.
Well... this is an oversimplification... and in this particular case, completely untrue.

2 mpg improvement isn't the whole story... it depends on where you start. If you have a vehicle that gets 2 mpg, going from 2 mpg to 4 mpg is a 100% improvement... conversely, if you have a vehicle that gets 100 mpg, going to 102 mpg is a negligible difference.

For sake of argument, let's say a C55 gets 20 mpg in mixed driving. If the CF driveshaft caused a 10% boost in fuel efficiency (IMHO, a lot), the mpg would jump to 22 mpg. If the same CF driveshaft cost $1,500 (as mentioned earlier), let's look at how long it'd take to pay for itself:

First, convert fuel efficiency (mpg) to fuel consumption (gpm). 20 mpg = 0.0500 gpm. 22 mpg = 0.0455 gpm.

So, this jump in efficiency would be a savings of 0.0045 gallons per mile (i.e. 0.0500 - 0.0455). If a gallon of premium is $4.50, this is a cost savings of $0.02 per mile. $1,500 cost of modification divided by $0.02 savings per mile = 75,000 post-mod miles of driving to break even.

In conclusion, DarkXerox is right... do this because it makes your car faster - but if you're talking yourself into it because of fuel efficiency, your kidding yourself.
Reply
Old Jun 12, 2008 | 04:56 PM
  #40  
c32used's Avatar
MBWorld Fanatic!
15 Year Member
Photogenic
Photoriffic
Liked
 
Joined: Feb 2006
Posts: 6,213
Likes: 8
LET C32 2002
Thumbs up

Not to be taken by anyone in ANY offensive way but I am extremely impressed by the level of educated people on this forum
Reply
Old Jun 12, 2008 | 08:28 PM
  #41  
calimax's Avatar
Senior Member
 
Joined: Feb 2007
Posts: 383
Likes: 0
From: Peoria, Arizona
RENNtech C32 AMG
lol, math freaks!
Reply
Old Jun 12, 2008 | 08:52 PM
  #42  
TruTaing's Avatar
Moderator Alumni
 
Joined: Apr 2006
Posts: 3,255
Likes: 22
From: Seattle
w203 m112
Originally Posted by c32AMG-DTM
Well... this is an oversimplification... and in this particular case, completely untrue.

2 mpg improvement isn't the whole story... it depends on where you start. If you have a vehicle that gets 2 mpg, going from 2 mpg to 4 mpg is a 100% improvement... conversely, if you have a vehicle that gets 100 mpg, going to 102 mpg is a negligible difference.

For sake of argument, let's say a C55 gets 20 mpg in mixed driving. If the CF driveshaft caused a 10% boost in fuel efficiency (IMHO, a lot), the mpg would jump to 22 mpg. If the same CF driveshaft cost $1,500 (as mentioned earlier), let's look at how long it'd take to pay for itself:

First, convert fuel efficiency (mpg) to fuel consumption (gpm). 20 mpg = 0.0500 gpm. 22 mpg = 0.0455 gpm.

So, this jump in efficiency would be a savings of 0.0045 gallons per mile (i.e. 0.0500 - 0.0455). If a gallon of premium is $4.50, this is a cost savings of $0.02 per mile. $1,500 cost of modification divided by $0.02 savings per mile = 75,000 post-mod miles of driving to break even.

In conclusion, DarkXerox is right... do this because it makes your car faster - but if you're talking yourself into it because of fuel efficiency, your kidding yourself.
Now what if, the price of gasoline continues to rise combined w/ the falling dollar, rise of inflation, while the wind blows 60mph in the opposite direction of an on coming train going 30mph on a rainy day........ wait, wrong question..

I did the same kinda math - it takes a very long time for a lightened parts (crank pulley, fly wheels, drive shaft, and axles) to "pay themselves back," in terms of $$ for fuel, but from the reviews of lightened drive parts - the aspect of these efficiency mods repay themselves off quickly

I think Hooley should do it because he seems to be a pioneer w/ the whole NA w203 AMG section His results w/ the lightened crank pulley showed good dollar/hp numbers. Maybe we'll get the same thing here on the drive shaft!
Reply
Old Jun 12, 2008 | 09:20 PM
  #43  
hooleyboy's Avatar
Thread Starter
Former Vendor of MBWorld
 
Joined: Jan 2007
Posts: 3,193
Likes: 3
From: Glendale Arizona
C55,SL55,C63
Originally Posted by TruTaing
Now what if, the price of gasoline continues to rise combined w/ the falling dollar, rise of inflation, while the wind blows 60mph in the opposite direction of an on coming train going 30mph on a rainy day........ wait, wrong question..

I did the same kinda math - it takes a very long time for a lightened parts (crank pulley, fly wheels, drive shaft, and axles) to "pay themselves back," in terms of $$ for fuel, but from the reviews of lightened drive parts - the aspect of these efficiency mods repay themselves off quickly

I think Hooley should do it because he seems to be a pioneer w/ the whole NA w203 AMG section His results w/ the lightened crank pulley showed good dollar/hp numbers. Maybe we'll get the same thing here on the drive shaft!

I will Do it. and I will do it sooner rather than later. I would bet you would see a gain of some sort.

HINT HINT.....
Reply
Old Jun 12, 2008 | 10:36 PM
  #44  
Dr. C36's Avatar
Banned
 
Joined: Jan 2008
Posts: 426
Likes: 1
1996 C36 AMG
Originally Posted by c32AMG-DTM
Well... this is an oversimplification... and in this particular case, completely untrue.

2 mpg improvement isn't the whole story... it depends on where you start. If you have a vehicle that gets 2 mpg, going from 2 mpg to 4 mpg is a 100% improvement... conversely, if you have a vehicle that gets 100 mpg, going to 102 mpg is a negligible difference.

For sake of argument, let's say a C55 gets 20 mpg in mixed driving. If the CF driveshaft caused a 10% boost in fuel efficiency (IMHO, a lot), the mpg would jump to 22 mpg. If the same CF driveshaft cost $1,500 (as mentioned earlier), let's look at how long it'd take to pay for itself:

First, convert fuel efficiency (mpg) to fuel consumption (gpm). 20 mpg = 0.0500 gpm. 22 mpg = 0.0455 gpm.

So, this jump in efficiency would be a savings of 0.0045 gallons per mile (i.e. 0.0500 - 0.0455). If a gallon of premium is $4.50, this is a cost savings of $0.02 per mile. $1,500 cost of modification divided by $0.02 savings per mile = 75,000 post-mod miles of driving to break even.

In conclusion, DarkXerox is right... do this because it makes your car faster - but if you're talking yourself into it because of fuel efficiency, your kidding yourself.
That calculation is based on going from 15mpg (which is fairly avg for AMG cars in the city) to 17mpg.
Reply
Old Jun 12, 2008 | 10:47 PM
  #45  
Dr. C36's Avatar
Banned
 
Joined: Jan 2008
Posts: 426
Likes: 1
1996 C36 AMG
Originally Posted by c32AMG-DTM
Well... this is an oversimplification... and in this particular case, completely untrue.

2 mpg improvement isn't the whole story... it depends on where you start. If you have a vehicle that gets 2 mpg, going from 2 mpg to 4 mpg is a 100% improvement... conversely, if you have a vehicle that gets 100 mpg, going to 102 mpg is a negligible difference.

For sake of argument, let's say a C55 gets 20 mpg in mixed driving. If the CF driveshaft caused a 10% boost in fuel efficiency (IMHO, a lot), the mpg would jump to 22 mpg. If the same CF driveshaft cost $1,500 (as mentioned earlier), let's look at how long it'd take to pay for itself:

First, convert fuel efficiency (mpg) to fuel consumption (gpm). 20 mpg = 0.0500 gpm. 22 mpg = 0.0455 gpm.

So, this jump in efficiency would be a savings of 0.0045 gallons per mile (i.e. 0.0500 - 0.0455). If a gallon of premium is $4.50, this is a cost savings of $0.02 per mile. $1,500 cost of modification divided by $0.02 savings per mile = 75,000 post-mod miles of driving to break even.

In conclusion, DarkXerox is right... do this because it makes your car faster - but if you're talking yourself into it because of fuel efficiency, your kidding yourself.
That calculation is based on going from 15mpg (which is fairly avg for AMG cars in the city) to 17mpg.
Reply
Old Jun 12, 2008 | 10:57 PM
  #46  
Dr. C36's Avatar
Banned
 
Joined: Jan 2008
Posts: 426
Likes: 1
1996 C36 AMG
Originally Posted by TruTaing
Now what if, the price of gasoline continues to rise combined w/ the falling dollar, rise of inflation, while the wind blows 60mph in the opposite direction of an on coming train going 30mph on a rainy day........ wait, wrong question..

I did the same kinda math - it takes a very long time for a lightened parts (crank pulley, fly wheels, drive shaft, and axles) to "pay themselves back," in terms of $$ for fuel, but from the reviews of lightened drive parts - the aspect of these efficiency mods repay themselves off quickly

I think Hooley should do it because he seems to be a pioneer w/ the whole NA w203 AMG section His results w/ the lightened crank pulley showed good dollar/hp numbers. Maybe we'll get the same thing here on the drive shaft!
combined with lightweight crank pulley, light weight driveshaft will give similar results except lightweight driveshaft works as a function of RPM so the max power gained would be at redline.

Essentially the both do the same thing, they increase engine efficiency and get more of the engines power to the rear wheels. Neither truly "makes" power in the conventional sense, they simply reduce the amount of power robbed by the inefficient stock components, it lowers the drivetrain losses.
Reply
Old Jun 12, 2008 | 10:59 PM
  #47  
c32AMG-DTM's Avatar
MBWorld Fanatic!
 
Joined: Jun 2007
Posts: 2,949
Likes: 0
From: Philadelphia, PA
2008 A8L, 2002 996TT X50, 2009 X5
Originally Posted by Dr. C36
That calculation is based on going from 15mpg (which is fairly avg for AMG cars in the city) to 17mpg.
Umm... okay - but even using 15 and 17, it still would take roughly 43,000 miles of driving to break even, if the driveshaft is $1,500 and premium fuel is $4.50 - pretty hard to justify that as "paying for itself quickly" IMHO.

Not to mention the fairly large assumption you're making in improved fuel efficiency - an improvement in excess of 13% from the CF driveshaft alone... which I doubt we'd see. Even if it wound up being an improvement of 5% (more likely, IMHO), in that case it wouldn't even amount to 1 mpg more, assuming starting with 15 mpg as you mentioned.

Anyway, enough with the OT fuel efficiency rant... hooleyboy, I look forward to seeing your results! Keep the great info coming, my friend
Reply
Old Jun 13, 2008 | 01:18 PM
  #48  
pshek's Avatar
MBWorld Fanatic!
 
Joined: Jul 2004
Posts: 1,194
Likes: 2
From: Diamond Bar & Anaheim, CA
2003 C-Class Sportcoupe
ACPT in huntington beach supposedly makes a better cf driveshaft; they also do work for aerospace. my shop installed a cf driveshaft on a mustang from PST and it vibrated like crazy at certain rpm range. so he took it off and installed an aluminum driveshaft and it worked fine. a cf driveshaft is supposed to work better than a solid metal one because it can flex and absorb the rotational stress better than aluminum. Plus when it breaks, it will shatter into bits instead of damaging the car like a solid metal one.
Reply
Old Jun 13, 2008 | 01:45 PM
  #49  
TruTaing's Avatar
Moderator Alumni
 
Joined: Apr 2006
Posts: 3,255
Likes: 22
From: Seattle
w203 m112
Originally Posted by hooleyboy
I will Do it. and I will do it sooner rather than later. I would bet you would see a gain of some sort.

HINT HINT.....
From this day forth, Hooleyboy. You shall be known as Hooleyman. Go and find big power!
Reply
Old Jun 13, 2008 | 01:55 PM
  #50  
pshek's Avatar
MBWorld Fanatic!
 
Joined: Jul 2004
Posts: 1,194
Likes: 2
From: Diamond Bar & Anaheim, CA
2003 C-Class Sportcoupe
Another positive is that if someone does start producing a cf driveshaft for the C32 AMG, it will probably fit all the other c-classes. Only difference between the variants would be dimensions of the prop flange, so the manufacturer would just order a different set of end pieces. Best way to make sure would be to measure the driveshaft length and compare, but I know for a fact that the C320 has a smaller prop flange than the C32.
Reply


You have already rated this thread Rating: Thread Rating: 0 votes,  average.


All times are GMT -4. The time now is 09:34 PM.

story-0
Six Gift Ideas Your AMG Loving Dad or Grad Will Cherish

Slideshow: Six gift ideas your AMG loving dad or grad will cherish.

By | 2026-06-03 17:26:18


VIEW MORE
story-1
7 Craziest Things AMG Gas Ever Built

Slideshow: Sometimes AMG builds fast sedans. Other times, it builds twin-turbo V12 land missiles and six-wheeled off-road monsters.

By Verdad Gallardo | 2026-05-26 17:59:58


VIEW MORE
story-2
New Electric Mercedes-AMG GT 4-Door Coupe Unveiled: 10 Things You Need to Know

Slideshow: Mercedes-AMG's new electric GT 4-Door Coupe trades combustion for software, synthetic noise, and more than 1,100 horsepower.

By Verdad Gallardo | 2026-05-20 20:08:15


VIEW MORE
story-3
6 Mercedes Models That Did NOT Age Well (But Are Somehow Still Cool)

Slideshow: Not every Mercedes design becomes timeless, some feel stuck in the era they came from.

By Verdad Gallardo | 2026-05-12 18:09:07


VIEW MORE
story-4
Manual Mercedes? 6 Times Sindelfingen Let Drivers Have All The Fun

Slideshow: Yes, Mercedes built manual cars, and some of them are far more interesting than you'd expect.

By Verdad Gallardo | 2026-05-02 12:36:58


VIEW MORE
story-5
Mercedes SLR McLaren 722 S Is Extremely Rare Example Modified by McLaren

Slideshow: A one-of-one U.S.-spec Mercedes-Benz SLR McLaren Roadster became even rarer after a factory-backed transformation at McLaren's headquarters.

By Verdad Gallardo | 2026-04-29 11:19:28


VIEW MORE
story-6
8 Classic Boxy Mercedes Designs That Have Aged Like Fine Wine

Slideshow: Before curves took over, Mercedes mastered the art of the straight line, and some of those shapes still look right today.

By Verdad Gallardo | 2026-04-25 12:05:49


VIEW MORE
story-7
Flawlessly Restored Mercedes 190E Evo II Heads to Auction

Slideshow: The 190E Evolution II shows how a homologation necessity became a six-figure collector icon.

By Verdad Gallardo | 2026-04-22 17:53:47


VIEW MORE
story-8
Electric Mercedes C-Class Unveiled: 11 Things You Need to Know

Slideshow: Mercedes is turning one of its core nameplates electric, and the details show just how serious this shift is.

By Verdad Gallardo | 2026-04-21 13:58:06


VIEW MORE
story-9
Mercedes EQS Gets A Major Update: Everything You Need to Know

Slideshow: Faster charging, longer range, and a controversial steer-by-wire system define the latest evolution of Mercedes-Benz EQS.

By Verdad Gallardo | 2026-04-15 10:35:34


VIEW MORE